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DEVELOPING A PHILOSOPHY OF COACHING
Player Development .
 | Fun and Purpose. |
PRINCIPLES OF YOUTH COACHING
| Developmentally Appropriate. |
| Clear, Concise and Correct information: Brevity - Clarity - Relevance. |
| Simple to Complex: There should be a flow that is appropriate to the age
of the players and the topic of the practice - in some instances this will
proceed from a warm-up to individual activities to small group activities to
large group activities |
(The Game) - While the progression may vary, every practice should start with
a warm-up and end with "The Game".
| Safe and Appropriate training area. |
| Decision making. |
| Implications for the Game. |
PRE-SEASON PARENT-COACH MEETING
| Discuss coaching philosophy and goals. |
| Discuss what is expected of parents (transportation, communication,
sportsmanship) and players. |
| Obtain information; i.e., medical information, parent's skill inventory. |
| Consider Coach-Player meeting on both an individual and group basis as
appropriate. |
EQUIPMENT NEEDS
| Players should be encouraged to take responsibility and care of their
equipment from the beginning to include: ball, shin guards, proper shoes,
clothing appropriate for training and climate, and water bottle. |
| Coaches should be responsible for: cones, bibs or vests, extra balls, air
pump, first aid kit, ice, water, nets, portable goals (if used). |
GAME ORGANIZATION
| Pregame. |
| Half-time. |
| Postgame. |
COACHING ACTIVITIES CHECKLIST
| Are the activities fun? |
| Are the activities organized? |
| Are the players involved in the activities? |
| Is creativity and decision making being used? |
| Are the spaces used appropriate? |
| Is the coach's feedback appropriate? |
| Are there implications for the game? |
RISK MANAGEMENT:
Accepting a coaching position means accepting responsibilities:
| To provide proper instruction for the activity. |
| To provide proper equipment for the activity. |
| To make reasonable selection of players. |
| To provide proper supervision of training and games. |
| To take proper precautions to guard against post-injury aggravation. |
IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER
| Never leave a player alone after training or games. |
| Be certain that players depart with their parents or designated
individual. |
| Avoid being left alone with players who are not your children. |
Soccer Injuries: Prevention & Care
PREVENTION
The first Line of defense in the treatment of athletic injuries is to prevent
them. This is accomplished by a well-planned program; competition among equal
ability groups, proper warm-up and adherence to the Laws of the Game. Other
factors that can lead to the prevention of injuries:
| Proper use of equipment (shin guards, no jewelry, uniforms designed for
climate). |
| Upkeep and monitoring of playing surfaces. |
| Proper fitting shoes, proper type of shoe for surface. |
| Ample water supply and breaks to give players rest. |
| Avoid scheduling training during the hottest periods of the day and when
there is intense humidity. Full rehabilitation of an injury prior to return
to play, determined by physician. |
| Recommendation of a physical exam by qualified personnel prior to
participation. |
The coach or assistant should be responsible for assisting with injuries,
which should include attending a certified first aid course and knowledge of
state and local ordinances.
It is recommended that the coach should follow-up with a phone call about a
players injury to the parents whether or not the parents were in attendance at
the game or practice.
Each coach should have and know how to use a First Aid Kit that includes, but
is not limited to: Team Safety and Information Card, plastic bags and ties for
ice, ice, tape, Band-Aids, antiseptic, sterile pads, towelettes, gauze pads,
elastic wrap, antibiotic cream and rubber gloves
(CARE SHOULD BE GIVEN TO AVOID CONTACT WITH BLOOD AND BODY
FLUIDS AND TO USE PROPER DISPOSAL OF ITEMS SOAKED WITH SUCH FLUIDS).
CARE The care of the injured athlete will begin the moment an injury occurs.
Immediate care will reduce the severity of the injury and the possibility of
long term disability. The coach, upon seeing an injured player on the field
should:
| Make sure that the airway is clear. |
| Determine if the player is conscious. |
| Ask how the injury occurred (player, teammates, officials). |
| Ask the player where it hurts. |
| If the player is unable to continue, he should be checked to determine the
extent of the injury. |
After determining that the injury IS NOT life threatening, the nature of the
injury can be further determined.
Soccer Injuries: Prevention & Care
| Note the position of the injured part. |
| Look for swelling and deformity. |
| Compare with the opposite side. |
| Ask the players and/or teammates what happened. |
Treatment for minor injuries such as sprains, strains and contusions is
refereed to as R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation). The R.I.C.E.
treatment is the only first aid treatment that is safe treatment for a sports
injury without professional advice. The treatment helps in three different ways.
R.I.C.E. treatments, limited to 20 minutes, can do no harm to any type of
injury. Almost anything else (including heat applications) can cause harm in
some instances.
| Applying ice chills the injured area causing the blood vessels to
contract, closing circulation to the injured area. |
| Applying pressure with an elastic bandage inhibits the accumulation of
blood and fluids in the area, thereby minimizing pain and swelling. |
| Elevating the injured area decreases fluid accumulation to the injured
area, puts the area to rest and helps to reduce painful muscle spasms. |
FOLLOW-UP care should be considered if gross swelling or deformity is
present, the player is unable to bear weight on the injured part or severe pain
or discomfort is present.
Some familiar terms that you should know:
| SPRAIN Ligaments are bands of tissue that attach bone to bone and
stabilize joints. A sprain is an injury to one or more ligaments. |
| STRAIN A tearing injury to a muscle or a tendon (tendons attach
muscle to bone) Athlete may hear the muscle tearing, muscle fatigue and spasm
before occurrence severe weakness |
or loss of muscle function, sharp pain upon occurrence spasmodic contraction,
extreme tenderness to touch and/or indentation to the body part.
| CONTUSION A crushing injury to a muscle or tendon caused by an
outside force, which causes hemorrhaging to surrounding tissue. |
| ABRASION A loss of surface area of the skin caused by sliding. |
Care - The area should be cleaned with an antiseptic to prevent
infection. An antibiotic ointment should be applied to keep the wound moist and
destroy bacteria present.
HEAT INJURIES YOU NEED TO BE AWARE OF :
| HEAT CRAMPS An involuntary contraction of
muscle or a muscle group that is repetitive and rapid in nature. |
Care - Rest, drink water and stretching.
| HEAT EXHAUSTION Surface temperature approximately normal, skin
pale and clammy, profuse perspiration tired and weak, headache - perhaps cramps,
nausea, dizziness, possible vomiting and pos- sible fainting (the player will
probably regain consciousness as the head is lowered). |
| Immediate Care - Move to a cool area, air-conditioning best, have the
player lie down with feet elevated, remove restric- tive apparel as appropriate,
cool with wet cloths or by fanning, if alert - water may be given (1/2 glass per
15 minutes), if player vomits - take to hospital imrnediately and always refer
to physician for fur- ther diagnosis, treatment and prior to return to activity. |
| HEAT STROKE Body temperature is high, skin is hot, red and dry,
sweating mechanism is blocked, pulse is rapid and strong, player may lose
consciousness. |
Immediate Care - Seek immediate medical care (Call 911), while
waiting, treat as above for heat exhaustion keeping in mind that if you reduce
the body temperature too rapidly it can cause internal bleeding.
General principles when handling an injured player:
| Avoid Panic. |
| Use common sense. |
| Seek professional help. |
| Check for breathing, bleeding, consciousness, deformity, discoloration and
shock. |
| Dependent upon the nature of the injury, avoid moving the player. |
| Inspire confidence and reassure the player. |
| Determine how the injury occurred. |
| Use certified athletic trainers when available. |
| Always ERR on the side of caution. |
| It is recommended that if a player has had medical attention, he/she must
have written permission from the doctor to return to activity. |
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